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Studies on HDL associated enzymes under experimental hypercholesterolemia: possible modulation on selenium

Harman D Kaur1, Mohinder P Bansal

  • 1Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India. dayalharman@yahoo.com

Lipids in Health and Disease
|December 18, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Selenium supplementation may protect against hypercholesterolemia by restoring paraoxonase1 (PON1) antioxidant properties. This highlights selenium

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial disease characterized by plaque formation.
  • High-density lipoproteins (HDL) possess antioxidant properties, partly via paraoxonase1 (PON1) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH).
  • Experimental hypercholesterolemia in rats was induced using a high-fat diet (HFD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate HDL-associated enzymes PON1 and PAF-AH in experimental hypercholesterolemia.
  • To evaluate the modulatory effects of selenium (Se) supplementation on these enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, HFD, and HFD + Se.
  • Dietary interventions lasted for 4 months.
  • Lipid profiles, serum selenium, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, PON1 and PAF-AH activities/protein levels, and hepatic mRNA expression were assessed.

Main Results:

  • HFD significantly increased cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL. Se supplementation reduced triglycerides but did not alter other lipid values.
  • HFD elevated hepatic ROS levels and reduced serum PON1 activity and protein. Se supplementation diminished ROS and improved PON1 activity and levels.
  • Se did not significantly affect PAF-AH protein levels or the hepatic mRNA expression of PON1 and PAF-AH in HFD-fed rats.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium supplementation demonstrates a protective effect in hypercholesterolemia, primarily by restoring the antioxidant function of HDL-associated PON1.
  • The biological system appears to maintain PAF-AH levels despite selenium supplementation, suggesting complex roles in atherogenesis.
  • Selenium supplementation may be a valuable strategy to mitigate hypercholesterolemia's adverse effects, warranting further investigation.
Abstract

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