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Case-control study of pleural mesothelioma in workers with social security in Mexico

Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid1, Eduardo Robles-Pérez, Cuauhtémoc Arturo Juárez-Pérez

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico. gpeaguilarm@gmail.com

American Journal of Industrial Medicine
|December 18, 2009
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Occupational asbestos exposure significantly increases malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) risk in Mexico. A ban on asbestos is recommended to prevent future cases and control this health crisis.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Environmental Epidemiology
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Past environmental and occupational asbestos exposure in Mexico has led to deaths and health issues, with unknown magnitude.
  • Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a significant health concern linked to asbestos.
  • The proportion of MPM cases attributable to occupational asbestos exposure in Mexico requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cases linked to occupational asbestos exposure in Mexico.
  • To quantify the risk associated with asbestos exposure in Mexican workers.
  • To inform public health policy regarding asbestos use.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 119 incident MPM cases and 353 controls among workers insured by the Mexican Institute of Social Security.
  • Histologically confirmed MPM cases.
  • Occupational history and sociodemographic data collected via participant interviews.
  • Qualitative exposure assessment by an expert hygienist.
  • Non-conditional logistic regression used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and attributable risks (ARs).

Main Results:

  • 80.6% of MPM cases and 31.5% of controls reported occupational asbestos exposure.
  • Adjusted odds ratios increased with exposure probability: 3.7 (likely) and 14.3 (certain).
  • Attributable risk for occupationally exposed individuals was 83.2%, with a population attributable risk of 44%.

Conclusions:

  • A strong association exists between industrial asbestos use and increased mesothelioma-related diseases and deaths in Mexican workers.
  • Mexico should implement a public health policy to prohibit asbestos in all production processes.
  • Banning asbestos is crucial for controlling the mesothelioma epidemic and preventing new cases.

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