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Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Visual inspection versus quantitative flow cytometry to detect aberrant CD2 expression in malignant T cells.

Indu Arun1, Jacqueline A Wulu, John E Janik

  • 1Flow Cytometry Unit, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.

Cytometry. Part B, Clinical Cytometry
|December 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Quantifying CD2 antigen expression using antibodies bound per cell (ABC) effectively differentiates malignant T cells from normal T cells in T-cell neoplasia. This method enhances detection sensitivity, aiding diagnosis even when visual inspection is challenging.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Abnormal T-cell antigen expression is a hallmark of T-cell neoplasia.
  • CD2 expression levels can vary between malignant and normal T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if CD2 expression levels differ significantly between malignant and normal T cells.
  • To assess if quantitating CD2 expression aids in detecting these differences.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometric immunophenotypic (FCI) evaluation of 36 patients with mature T-cell neoplasia.
  • Quantitation of CD2 expression using antibodies bound per cell (ABC) with QuantiBRITE bead standards.
  • Comparison of ABC measurement efficacy against visual inspection of dot plots.

Main Results:

  • Abnormal CD2 expression levels were frequently observed in T-cell malignancies.
  • CD2 ABC values demonstrated high sensitivity in distinguishing malignant from normal T cells (P = 0.0028).
  • Significant differences in CD2 ABCs (>20%) were noted in 75% of cases, with high variability in normal T cells.

Conclusions:

  • CD2 ABC quantitation reveals significant differences between malignant and normal T cells.
  • High variability in normal T-cell CD2 ABCs limits establishing normal reference ranges for diagnosis.
  • CD2 examination, particularly quantitation, aids in detecting tumor cells and confirming FCI diagnoses.