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Related Concept Videos

Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression
11:23

A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression

Published on: October 6, 2019

Designed proteins to modulate cellular networks.

Aitziber L Cortajarena, Tina Y Liu, Mark Hochstrasser

    ACS Chemical Biology
    |December 22, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Scientists designed novel protein binding modules using a tetratricopeptide repeat framework and split GFP reassembly. These modules specifically target human Dss1 and inhibit yeast Sem1 activity, offering new tools for synthetic biology.

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    Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy
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    Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy

    Published on: September 29, 2016

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    A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression
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    Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy
    12:24

    Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy

    Published on: September 29, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Protein engineering
    • Synthetic biology
    • Molecular biology

    Background:

    • Designing novel proteins with specific biological targets is crucial for applications like perturbing cellular networks.
    • A library of approximately 10^9 binding specificities was created using a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motif framework.

    Discussion:

    • A split GFP reassembly strategy was utilized for efficient screening of the designed protein library.
    • Identified modules exhibit high affinity and specificity for human Dss1, a protein interacting with BRCA2.
    • The developed modules also bind to the yeast homologue of Dss1, Sem1, and inhibit its activity.

    Key Insights:

    • Demonstrated the successful design and screening of a large library of protein binding modules.
    • Validated the specificity and functionality of designed modules against human and yeast proteins.
    • Established a novel method for creating genetically encoded tools for biological research.

    Outlook:

    • The described strategy is broadly applicable for generating new genetically encoded tools.
    • Potential for advancing systems biology and synthetic biology applications through custom protein design.