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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Decrease in uric acid in acute ischemic stroke correlates with stroke severity, evolution and outcome.

Raf Brouns1, Annick Wauters, Gerda Van De Vijver

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
|December 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Serum uric acid (UA) levels decrease in the first week after ischemic stroke. Lower UA concentrations correlate with more severe strokes and poorer long-term outcomes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Uric acid (UA) is a key plasma antioxidant with potential neuroprotective effects observed in animal models.
  • Human studies on UA's role in stroke are conflicting, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine serum UA concentration changes during acute, subacute, and chronic phases of ischemic stroke.
  • To determine the relationship between UA kinetics and initial stroke severity, stroke progression, and long-term outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Serum UA levels were measured in 199 stroke patients at multiple time points up to 3 months post-stroke.
  • Associations were evaluated between UA changes and stroke severity (NIHSS), stroke evolution (infarct volume), and outcomes (mRS, mortality).

Main Results:

  • Serum UA concentrations significantly decreased within the first 7 days post-stroke, then returned to baseline.
  • In stroke patients, mean UA levels dropped from 336.66 to 300.37 micromol/L by day 7 (p < 0.001).
  • UA changes correlated with NIHSS score, stroke progression, infarct volume, mRS score, and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased serum UA levels in the first week post-stroke are linked to increased stroke severity.
  • These UA changes predict unfavorable stroke evolution and poorer long-term neurological outcomes.