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The Use of Cystometry in Small Rodents: A Study of Bladder Chemosensation
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Bladder dysfunction and altered somatic sensitivity in PACAP-/- mice.

Victor May1, Margaret A Vizzard

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.

The Journal of Urology
|December 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

PACAP gene disruption alters bladder function and reduces pain sensitivity. PACAP knockout mice show bladder changes and decreased responses to somatic stimulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors are present in urinary tract pathways.
  • PACAP influences detrusor smooth muscle contraction and urothelial adenosine triphosphate release.
  • PACAP antagonism has shown potential in reducing cyclophosphamide-induced bladder overactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PACAP in the physiological processes of micturition and somatic sensation.
  • To evaluate the effects of PACAP gene disruption on bladder function and sensory perception in mice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized PACAP knockout (PACAP(-/-)), heterozygote (PACAP(+/-)), and wild-type (WT) mice.
  • Conscious cystometry was performed with saline or acetic acid instillation.
  • Assessed urination patterns, somatic sensitivity (hind paw and pelvic regions), and bladder morphology.

Main Results:

  • PACAP(-/-) mice exhibited increased bladder mass, thicker detrusor smooth muscle and lamina propria, and larger residual volumes.
  • These mice also showed increased bladder capacity, voided volume, and intercontraction interval but prolonged detrusor contraction duration.
  • PACAP(-/-) and PACAP(+/-) mice displayed reduced responses to acetic acid-induced bladder irritation and diminished somatic sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • PACAP gene disruption significantly impacts bladder morphology and function.
  • Disruption of the PACAP gene leads to both visceral and somatic hypoalgesia.
  • PACAP plays a crucial role in maintaining normal bladder function and sensory processing.