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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

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Profiling Individual Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Quantitative RT-PCR
09:03

Profiling Individual Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Quantitative RT-PCR

Published on: May 29, 2014

Single-cell transcript analysis of human embryonic stem cells.

Jason D Gibson1, Caroline M Jakuba, Nathalie Boucher

  • 1University of Connecticut, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Storrs, 06269-2131, USA. craig.nelson@uconn.edu

Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro
|December 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-cell transcript analysis reveals complex human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation dynamics. It highlights heterogeneity and prolonged pluripotency marker expression during lineage commitment.

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09:03

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genomics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are crucial for developmental studies.
  • Understanding hESC differentiation is key to regenerative medicine.
  • Transcriptome dynamics during differentiation remain incompletely characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To showcase the power of single-cell transcript analysis for characterizing hESC differentiation.
  • To identify unique cellular profiles for sorting and identification.
  • To elucidate stem cell behavior during pluripotency exit.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing of H9 hESCs.
  • Analysis of differentiation under three distinct culture conditions.
  • Characterization of gene expression profiles and chromatin states.

Main Results:

  • Transient mesendodermal marker expression observed across all protocols.
  • Increasingly stable embryonic and extra-embryonic endoderm marker expression.
  • Significant transcriptional and temporal heterogeneity identified in differentiating hESCs.
  • Prolonged co-expression of pluripotency and lineage differentiation markers.
  • Correlation between transcript cohorts and hESC promoter chromatin states, with bivalent promoters linked to sporadic transcripts.

Conclusions:

  • Single-cell transcriptomics provides a powerful tool for dissecting complex differentiation processes.
  • hESC differentiation exhibits inherent heterogeneity and prolonged pluripotency.
  • Chromatin states significantly influence gene expression patterns during differentiation.