Peritoneal albumin leakage: 2 year prospective cardiovascular event occurrence and patient survival analysis

High peritoneal transport status is a determinant of morbidity and mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. It was hypothesized that 24 h peritoneal albumin leakage predicted 2 year prospective cardiovascular outcome and survival in patients receiving PD.

Sixty-six patients were included. A simplified peritoneal equilibration test was performed and 24 h peritoneal albumin leakage was calculated. Patients were followed up for 2 years. Patient outcome (alive or dead) and occurrence of a cardiovascular event were recorded.

During a 2 year follow-up period, 10 (15.2%) patients had suffered from a cardiovascular event and seven (10.6%) patients had died. Patients who had suffered from a cardiovascular event during the follow up period were older (54.0 +/- 9.4 years vs 44.3 +/- 14.5 years, P = 0.025), had lower serum pre-albumin concentrations (29.3 +/- 10.0 g/dL vs 36.0 +/- 9.2 g/dL, P = 0.034) and had higher 24 h peritoneal albumin leakage (median, 3.4 g/day (1.66-15.4 g/day) vs 2.4 g/day (0.76-7.31 g/day), P = 0.011) than patients who did not suffer from a cardiovascular event. In the Cox proportional hazards multivariate analysis of factors which differed significantly between patients with and without a cardiovascular event (age, serum pre-albumin and 24 h peritoneal albumin leakage), only advanced age (hazards ratio, 1.083; 95% confidence interval, 1.023-1.147, P = 0.006) was an independent predictor of a cardiovascular event.

In contrast to the hypothesis, 24 h peritoneal albumin leakage is not a predictor of 2 year prospective cardiovascular outcome and patient survival. Only advanced age independently predicts the occurrence of a cardiovascular event in patients receiving PD.