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Related Concept Videos

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting their diffusion into...
Diffusion on Chromatography Columns01:07

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

In column chromatography, when an analyte is introduced as a narrow band at the top of the column, the solutes begin to separate and broaden, developing a Gaussian profile. This broadening occurs due to various factors, such as longitudinal diffusion.
Longitudinal diffusion occurs when the solute molecules in the mobile phase diffuse from the more concentrated center of the chromatographic band to the more dilute regions on either side, both towards and against the flow direction. This...
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

Characterizing molecular diffusion in the lens capsule.

Brian P Danysh1, Tapan P Patel, Kirk J Czymmek

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

Matrix Biology : Journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology
|December 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The lens capsule selectively controls protein and molecule transport. Ionic interactions, not size alone, dictate protein permeability and binding within the lens capsule.

Keywords:
FRAPbasement membranebinding affinitydiffusion coefficientlens capsulepartition coefficientpermeability

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Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels
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Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
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Published on: September 26, 2016

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels
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Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels

Published on: September 8, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ocular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The lens capsule is a selectively permeable barrier crucial for avascular lens homeostasis.
  • It regulates the passage of small molecules and essential proteins for lens growth and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the diffusional behavior and transport properties of proteins and dextrans within the lens capsule.
  • To investigate the influence of molecular characteristics and interactions on lens capsule permeability.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) was used to analyze dextrans (3-250 kDa) and endogenous lens proteins.
  • Diffusion, partition coefficients, and binding affinities were measured within whole living lenses.

Main Results:

  • Proteins exhibited distinct diffusion and binding behaviors compared to similarly sized dextrans.
  • Ionic interactions significantly impacted protein permeability and matrix binding, more so than hydrophobic interactions.
  • Altering a single anionic residue on gammaD-crystallin markedly changed its capsule permeability and binding.

Conclusions:

  • Lens capsule permeability and protein binding are protein-specific and not solely predictable by molecular size or isoelectric point.
  • Ionic interactions play a critical role in regulating protein transport across the lens capsule.