Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
07:15
In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis
Published on: October 20, 2013
Immunophenotypic distinction between pigmented villonodular synovitis and haemosiderotic synovitis
G Mahendra1, K Kliskey, N A Athanasou
1Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, UK.
Journal of Clinical Pathology
|December 23, 2009
Summary
Immunohistochemistry can differentiate haemosiderotic synovitis (HS) from pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS). Giant cells in PVNS express CD51 and have a high Ki-67 proliferation index, distinguishing them from HS.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pathology
- Immunohistochemistry
Background:
- Haemosiderotic synovitis (HS) results from joint bleeding and requires differentiation from pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS).
- Histopathological distinction between HS and PVNS, especially in biopsies, can be challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate immunophenotypic differences between HS and PVNS.
- To identify markers for distinguishing HS from PVNS.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 20 PVNS and 20 HS cases using monoclonal antibodies.
- Antibodies targeted proliferation (Ki-67), apoptosis (bcl2), macrophage (CD14, CD68, HLA-DR), and osteoclast (CD51) antigens.
Main Results:
- Macrophages in both PVNS and HS expressed CD14 and HLA-DR.
- PVNS giant cells expressed CD51 (osteoclast phenotype) and were negative for CD14/HLA-DR, unlike HS giant cells.
- PVNS showed significantly more CD51+ mononuclear cells and a higher Ki-67 proliferation index than HS.
Conclusions:
- Immunophenotypic differences exist in giant cells between PVNS and HS.
- CD51 expression and a high Ki-67 index are effective markers for distinguishing PVNS from HS.