Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Structure of Cadherins01:25

Structure of Cadherins

The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This diversity of cadherins...
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

MRI analysis of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: correlating imaging features with histological grade.

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery·2026
Same author

Deep learning-based high-resolution united compressed sensing for gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of colorectal liver metastases.

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery·2026
Same author

Resistance analysis of the Tobacco Variety SA1214 against M. incognita based on physiological and biochemical assays.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same author

Spectral CT-based habitat analysis for predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant therapy in gastric cancer.

European radiology·2026
Same author

Ferrostatin-1 inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates organophosphate nerve agent-induced cognitive deficits by regulating ACSL4/GPX4 and NCOA4/FTH1 pathways in the hippocampus of guinea pigs.

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety·2026
Same author

Correction: Time-dependent diffusion MRI for noninvasive molecular subtype differentiation and biological correlation in breast cancer: emphasizing the emerging three-tier HER2 classification.

Frontiers in oncology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
08:15

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

Published on: October 17, 2014

A protocadherin-cadherin-FLRT3 complex controls cell adhesion and morphogenesis.

Xuejun Chen1, Eunjin Koh, Michael Yoder

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

Plos One
|December 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Paraxial protocadherin (PAPC) and fibronectin leucine-rich domain transmembrane protein-3 (FLRT3) form a complex with cadherins. PAPC regulates FLRT3 activity for optimal cell adhesion, sorting, and morphogenesis.

More Related Videos

Imaging of Cell Shape Alteration and Cell Movement in Drosophila Gastrulation Using DE-cadherin Reporter Transgenic Flies
04:42

Imaging of Cell Shape Alteration and Cell Movement in Drosophila Gastrulation Using DE-cadherin Reporter Transgenic Flies

Published on: December 29, 2016

Measuring Cell-Edge Protrusion Dynamics during Spreading using Live-Cell Microscopy
05:50

Measuring Cell-Edge Protrusion Dynamics during Spreading using Live-Cell Microscopy

Published on: November 1, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
08:15

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

Published on: October 17, 2014

Imaging of Cell Shape Alteration and Cell Movement in Drosophila Gastrulation Using DE-cadherin Reporter Transgenic Flies
04:42

Imaging of Cell Shape Alteration and Cell Movement in Drosophila Gastrulation Using DE-cadherin Reporter Transgenic Flies

Published on: December 29, 2016

Measuring Cell-Edge Protrusion Dynamics during Spreading using Live-Cell Microscopy
05:50

Measuring Cell-Edge Protrusion Dynamics during Spreading using Live-Cell Microscopy

Published on: November 1, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Adhesion Mechanisms
  • Molecular Interactions

Background:

  • Paraxial protocadherin (PAPC) and fibronectin leucine-rich domain transmembrane protein-3 (FLRT3) are induced by TGFbeta signaling.
  • Both PAPC and FLRT3 regulate morphogenesis by inhibiting C-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional and physical relationships between PAPC, FLRT3, and C-cadherin.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which PAPC and FLRT3 regulate cell adhesion and morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated functional and physical interactions between PAPC, FLRT3, and C-cadherin.
  • Assessed the effects of PAPC and FLRT3 expression on cell adhesion and cell sorting.
  • Examined the role of RND1 in the PAPC-FLRT3 interaction.

Main Results:

  • PAPC and FLRT3 interact functionally and physically, forming a complex with cadherins.
  • PAPC reduces cell adhesion for physiological cell sorting, while FLRT3 causes excessive dissociation.
  • When co-expressed, PAPC limits FLRT3's disruptive activity, enabling physiological cell sorting.
  • PAPC inhibits RND1 recruitment to FLRT3, counteracting FLRT3 function.

Conclusions:

  • PAPC and FLRT3 form a functional complex with cadherins.
  • PAPC acts as a molecular governor, maintaining FLRT3 activity for optimal C-cadherin adhesion, cell sorting, and morphogenesis.