Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Goiter01:27

Goiter

Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of a 4-week neuromuscular balance training program on knee proprioception, functional performance, and landing errors in national-level female wrestlers: a randomized controlled trial.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Eco-Friendly Protection of Copper via Self-Assembled Monolayer Films: The Critical Effect of Pollen Source Region on Anti-Corrosion Behavior.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Association between leptin gene polymorphisms and hematological metabolic parameters in obese Saudi adults.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Two Overlooked Issues in Hypertension Management: Risk Thresholds and Obesity Integration.

Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi arsivi : Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin yayin organidir·2026
Same author

Expandingthe Phenotypic Spectrum of <i>PUS3</i> Deficiency: A <i>p.Tyr71Cys</i> Case Demonstrating a Stable, Nonprogressive Leukoencephalopathy Pattern.

Molecular syndromology·2026
Same author

[The Turkish Hypertension Consensus Report 2025].

Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi arsivi : Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin yayin organidir·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
04:23

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

Published on: April 21, 2023

Diffusion-weighted images differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules.

Gulnur Erdem1, Tamer Erdem, Hakki Muammer

  • 1Inonu University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Malatya, Turkey. gerdem@inonu.edu.tr

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|December 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can help differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were significantly lower in malignant nodules compared to benign ones.

More Related Videos

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
15:48

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: December 15, 2014

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions
05:41

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions

Published on: February 9, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
04:23

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

Published on: April 21, 2023

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
15:48

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: December 15, 2014

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions
05:41

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions

Published on: February 9, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Thyroid nodules are common, and distinguishing benign from malignant types is crucial for appropriate patient management.
  • Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the standard diagnostic tool, but its accuracy can be limited.
  • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) offers a non-invasive method to assess tissue cellularity and microstructural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
  • To compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from DWI with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results.
  • To determine the diagnostic role of DWI in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted over 18 months, including 27 cases of benign thyroid nodules, 9 cases of thyroid malignancy, and 24 healthy controls.
  • Patients undergoing FNAC for thyroid nodules were included to correlate imaging findings with cytopathologic results.
  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured for benign nodules, malignant nodules, and normal thyroid tissue.

Main Results:

  • Mean ADC values differed significantly between benign (2745.3 x 10(-6) mm(2)/s), malignant (695.2 x 10(-6) mm(2)/s), and normal thyroid tissue (1344.1 x 10(-6) mm(2)/s) (P = 0.0001).
  • Malignant nodules exhibited significantly lower ADC values compared to benign nodules and normal thyroid tissue.
  • Reduced ADC values in malignant tumors are attributed to decreased extracellular extravascular space.

Conclusions:

  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) show potential as a valuable tool for assessing the nature of thyroid nodules.
  • DWI may aid in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions.
  • Further research can validate these preliminary findings for clinical application.