Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Functional integrity of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) resistant to dieldrin γ-aminobutyric acid receptor channels conjugated with three fluorescent proteins.

Insect molecular biology·2018
Same author

Protease-activated receptor-2 suppresses interleukin (IL)-10 expression in B cells via upregulating Bcl2L12 in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Allergy·2017
Same author

MAPK signaling mediates sinomenine hydrochloride-induced human breast cancer cell death via both reactive oxygen species-dependent and -independent pathways: an in vitro and in vivo study.

Cell death & disease·2014
Same author

Cloning of a gene encoding thermostable glucoamylase from Chaetomium thermophilum and its expression in Pichia pastoris.

Journal of applied microbiology·2007
Same author

Changes of substance P-immunoreactive nerve fiber innervation density in the sublesional bones in young growing rats at an early stage after spinal cord injury.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2007
Same author

Evaluation of intravenous flavopiridol formulations.

PDA journal of pharmaceutical science and technology·2001

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
09:07

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Published on: June 24, 2025

Specific immunotherapy suppresses Th2 responses via modulating TIM1/TIM4 interaction on dendritic cells.

C-Q Zhao1, T-L Li, S-H He

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. fahyj@126.com

Allergy
|December 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Specific immunotherapy (SIT) suppresses airway allergy by disrupting the TIM1/TIM4 interaction. This mechanism involves modulating T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain molecule 4 (TIM4) expression in dendritic cells, thereby reducing T helper 2 (Th2) cell responses.

More Related Videos

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance
14:01

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance

Published on: July 22, 2011

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
09:07

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Published on: June 24, 2025

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance
14:01

Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance

Published on: July 22, 2011

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is a potential cure for allergies, but its mechanism remains unclear.
  • T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain molecule 4 (TIM4) on dendritic cells (DCs) and its role in T helper 2 (Th2) responses in airway allergy require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how SIT affects TIM4 expression in DCs.
  • To understand SIT's impact on modulating Th2 responses in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty AR patients underwent 3 months of SIT.
  • TIM4 expression in DCs and TIM1 in Th2 cells were measured pre- and post-SIT.
  • The influence of Fc gamma receptors (FcgammaR) I and II on TIM4 expression in DCs was examined.

Main Results:

  • The TIM1/TIM4 interaction is crucial for maintaining Th2 cell polarization in AR patients.
  • Antigen/IgG complexes (via FcgammaRI) increased TIM4 production in DCs by upregulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
  • Microbial products enhanced FcgammaRI expression, further increasing TIM4.
  • Specific antigens alone upregulated FcgammaRII, suppressing TIM4 expression.

Conclusions:

  • SIT effectively suppresses skewed Th2 responses in airway allergy.
  • This suppression is achieved by disrupting the TIM1/TIM4 interaction on antigen-specific Th2 cells.