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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

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Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Diffuse interlobular septal thickening in a coal miner.

S G Thrumurthy1, S Kearney, M Sissons

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chorley and South Ribble Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston Road, Chorley PR7 1PP, UK.

Thorax
|December 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Diffuse interlobular septal thickening (DIST), an uncommon CT finding, was linked to fatal pulmonary hypertension in an ex-coal miner. This case highlights a novel association not previously seen in coal workers

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Diffuse interlobular septal thickening (DIST) is a radiological finding on thoracic high-resolution CT (HRCT).
  • DIST is typically a minor feature in many lung diseases, but can dominate in specific conditions.
  • Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is an occupational lung disease common in coal miners.

Observation:

  • A case report of an ex-coal miner initially suspected of having CWP.
  • HRCT scans revealed DIST as the predominant abnormality, with no signs of CWP.
  • The patient experienced progressive disease leading to death.

Findings:

  • The patient developed severe secondary pulmonary hypertension.
  • A direct link between DIST and fatal pulmonary hypertension was observed.
  • This specific pattern of DIST associated with pulmonary hypertension was not previously documented in coal workers.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of DIST manifestations in occupational lung disease.
  • It suggests a potential link between DIST and the development of severe pulmonary hypertension in susceptible individuals.
  • Highlights the importance of considering alternative diagnoses when HRCT findings are atypical for suspected conditions like CWP.