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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations01:13

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

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Published on: February 9, 2022

Reference ranges for interrupter resistance technique: the Asthma UK Initiative.

P J F M Merkus1, J Stocks, N Beydon

  • 1Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Paediatrics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

The European Respiratory Journal
|December 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New reference equations for interrupter resistance (Rint) in children are now available. These equations, based on a large dataset, improve the accuracy of this non-invasive lung function test for pediatric use.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

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Published on: February 9, 2022

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14:49

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A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
09:58

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Interrupter resistance (Rint) is a valuable, non-invasive lung function test for children.
  • Existing reference equations for Rint lack robustness, hindering accurate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop reliable, sex-specific reference equations for Rint in healthy children.
  • To assess the impact of methodological variations on predicted Rint values.

Main Methods:

  • Collated Rint data from healthy children (N=1090 for expiratory, N=629 for inspiratory) from various sources.
  • Utilized the LMS (lambda, mu, sigma) method to construct reference equations.
  • Identified height as the primary predictor for Rint.

Main Results:

  • Developed robust, sex-specific reference equations for expiratory and inspiratory Rint.
  • Height was confirmed as the strongest independent predictor of Rint.
  • Observed clinically insignificant differences between centers.

Conclusions:

  • The newly developed Rint reference equations provide a more accurate basis for assessing pediatric lung function.
  • These equations enhance the clinical utility of Rint testing in young children.