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Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Direct Agroinoculation of Maize Seedlings by Injection with Recombinant Foxtail Mosaic Virus and Sugarcane Mosaic Virus Infectious Clones
05:56

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Replicative intermediates of maize streak virus found during leaf development.

Julia B Erdmann1, Dionne N Shepherd, Darren P Martin

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.

The Journal of General Virology
|December 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Maize streak virus (MSV), a mastrevirus, uses three replication modes: complementary-strand replication (CSR), rolling-circle replication (RCR), and recombination-dependent replication (RDR). These replication intermediates were detected in infected maize tissues, indicating conserved viral strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant virology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Geminiviruses, a large family of plant viruses, exhibit diverse replication strategies.
  • Begomoviruses and Curtoviruses utilize complementary-strand replication (CSR), rolling-circle replication (RCR), and recombination-dependent replication (RDR).
  • Mastreviruses, like the maize streak virus (MSV), represent a distinct genus with unique genetic characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the replication modes of maize streak virus (MSV), the type member of the Mastrevirus genus.
  • To determine if MSV employs the same three replication strategies (CSR, RCR, RDR) observed in other geminivirus genera.
  • To analyze the temporal and spatial accumulation of MSV replicative intermediates in infected maize.

Main Methods:

  • Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was employed to detect and characterize viral replicative intermediates.
  • Analysis was conducted on infected maize tissues, including shoot apex and leaves at various maturation stages.
  • Comparative analysis of different replication intermediates was performed based on their prevalence.

Main Results:

  • The study unequivocally detected replicative intermediates of CSR, RCR, and RDR in MSV-infected maize tissues.
  • These replicative intermediates were found to accumulate early in infection and were present in various plant tissues.
  • RCR-associated intermediates showed increased prevalence during leaf maturation, and MSV utilizes dimeric open circular DNA for RCR.

Conclusions:

  • Maize streak virus (MSV) employs the same three fundamental replication modes (CSR, RCR, RDR) as other geminiviruses, despite its distinct evolutionary position.
  • The presence of these intermediates early in infection suggests their crucial role in the viral life cycle.
  • MSV exhibits unique RCR strategies, including the use of dimeric open circular DNA, highlighting the adaptability of geminivirus replication.