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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Transoral thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

Elias Karakas1, Thorsten Steinfeldt, Andreas Gockel

  • 1Department of Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany. karakas@med.uni-marburg.de

Surgical Endoscopy
|December 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel transoral endoscopic approach for thyroid and parathyroid surgery, demonstrating its feasibility in cadavers and live pigs. Further research is needed to confirm the safety of this incisionless surgical technique.

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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...

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Area of Science:

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Endoscopic Surgery
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is gaining traction for scarless procedures.
  • Minimally invasive techniques are increasingly applied in thyroid and parathyroid surgery.
  • A novel transoral approach for thyroid and parathyroid resection was developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an entirely transoral sublingual access for thyroid and parathyroid resection.
  • To assess the feasibility and safety of this new surgical approach.

Main Methods:

  • An entirely transoral sublingual access was established in pigs and human cadavers.
  • Hemithyroidectomies and parathyroidectomies were performed using a modified rectoscope and laparoscopic instruments.

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Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve integrity was monitored in live pigs, and mucosal incisions were sealed with absorbable sutures.

    • Main Results:

    • The transoral approach was successfully applied for hemithyroidectomy in porcine cadavers, live pigs, and human cadavers.
    • Parathyroid gland resection was also performed in human cadavers.
    • No complications were observed during the procedure in any of the study groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Entirely transoral thyroid and parathyroid surgery via sublingual access appears feasible.
    • Further investigation is required to ascertain the safety of this technique, particularly regarding potential contamination of the access route.