Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Financial Hardship and Nonadherence to Lifestyle and Surveillance in Childhood Cancer Survivors.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Factors associated with unplanned healthcare encounters in pediatric cancer patients.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·2026
Same author

Neurocognitive impairment and substance use in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a cross-sectional analysis from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

EClinicalMedicine·2026
Same author

Survival Outcomes and Complications Among Canadian Children With Retinoblastoma: A Population-Based Report From CYP-C.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same author

Subsequent primary neoplasm risk among survivors of cancer in adolescence and young adulthood: a population-based study from Alberta, Canada.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne·2026
Same author

Preferences of Pediatric Patients and Their Caregivers for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Control Endpoints: A Mixed Methods Study.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

Optimizing emetic control in children receiving antineoplastic therapy: beyond the guidelines.

L Lee Dupuis1, Paul C Nathan

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. lee.dupuis@sickkids.ca

Paediatric Drugs
|December 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric guidelines for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) lack evidence, limiting antiemetic options for children. This review explores available evidence and novel interventions for pediatric CINV management.

More Related Videos

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting
05:33

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Published on: August 4, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting
05:33

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Guidelines

Background:

  • Current pediatric guidelines for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) lack robust evidence.
  • Existing recommendations often exclude antiemetic agents used in adults, leaving gaps in pediatric care.
  • There is a need for guidance on alternative antiemetic selections for children unresponsive or unable to receive standard treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence for pediatric CINV prevention.
  • To summarize pediatric experience with antiemetic agents used in adult guidelines.
  • To explore novel and emerging antiemetic interventions for children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published pediatric experience with antiemetic agents.
  • Analysis of current adult antiemetic guidelines for applicability to pediatric CINV.
  • Exploration of novel therapeutic interventions in pediatric oncology.

Main Results:

  • Limited robust evidence exists for current pediatric CINV guidelines.
  • Pediatric data on adult-recommended antiemetics (dolasetron, tropisetron, palonosetron, aprepitant) is summarized.
  • Various novel agents and interventions (metopimazine, BAD, nabilone, acupuncture, etc.) are explored for pediatric use.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for evidence-based guidelines for pediatric CINV prevention.
  • Further research is required to establish the efficacy and safety of novel antiemetic agents in children.
  • Improved antiemetic strategies are essential for enhancing the quality of life for pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.