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Acclimation to decompression sickness in rats.

E A Montcalm-Smith1, R M McCarron, W R Porter

  • 1Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20910-7800, USA.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|December 26, 2009
PubMed
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Acclimation dives using hyperbaric air can protect against decompression sickness (DCS). Deeper acclimation exposures (70 fsw) provided the most significant protection in rat studies, proving acclimation is possible.

Area of Science:

  • Hyperbaric medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Decompression sickness (DCS) is a risk in hyperbaric exposures.
  • Acclimation to hyperbaric conditions as a protective measure against DCS has been hypothesized but not empirically demonstrated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether acclimation to hyperbaric decompression can confer protection against subsequent DCS.
  • To determine the optimal acclimation regimen for DCS protection.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were exposed to various daily hyperbaric air acclimation dive profiles (e.g., 70 fsw for 9 days) followed by a standardized stressful test dive.
  • Incidences of DCS were compared between acclimation groups and a control group.

Main Results:

  • Daily acclimation dives at 70 fsw (L70 and S70 regimens) significantly reduced DCS incidence compared to controls.

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  • Deeper acclimation dives (70 fsw) showed a trend towards greater protection than shallower dives (40 fsw).
  • A single acclimation dive did not provide protection.

    • Conclusions:

    • Acclimation exposures, even those not causing DCS, can induce protection against subsequent decompression stress.
    • Deeper hyperbaric acclimation regimens appear more effective in conferring protection against DCS.