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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Freezing and Thawing Human Embryonic Stem Cells
08:49

Freezing and Thawing Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: December 24, 2009

Freezing and thawing human embryonic stem cells.

Lia Kent1

  • 1Research and Development, Stemgent. lia.kent@stemgent.com

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|December 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Properly thawing and freezing human embryonic stem (hES) cells is crucial for their culture. This study details a technique for rapid thawing and slow freezing of sensitive hES cells to maintain viability.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Freezing and Thawing Human Embryonic Stem Cells
08:49

Freezing and Thawing Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: December 24, 2009

Freezing Human ES Cells
08:00

Freezing Human ES Cells

Published on: October 12, 2006

Human ES cells: Starting Culture from Frozen Cells
02:47

Human ES cells: Starting Culture from Frozen Cells

Published on: November 9, 2006

Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cryopreservation Techniques
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Human embryonic stem (hES) cell culture is vital for research and regenerative medicine.
  • Cryopreservation is essential for long-term storage and propagation of hES cells.
  • hES cells are sensitive to cryopreservation stresses, requiring specialized protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a reliable technique for thawing cryopreserved hES cells.
  • To outline a method for re-establishing hES cell cultures post-thaw.
  • To describe a protocol for slow-freezing hES cells for long-term storage.

Main Methods:

  • Rapid thawing of hES cells from liquid nitrogen.
  • Plating thawed hES cells onto mouse embryonic feeder cells.
  • Slow-freezing of expanded hES cells for cryopreservation.

Main Results:

  • Successful re-establishment of hES cell cultures after rapid thawing.
  • Demonstration of viable hES cell expansion post-cryopreservation.
  • Preservation of hES cell pluripotency and characteristics after the described protocol.

Conclusions:

  • The presented method ensures efficient recovery and viability of hES cells post-thaw.
  • This protocol supports routine cryopreservation of hES cells for future use.
  • Optimized thawing and freezing techniques are critical for maintaining hES cell lines.