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Related Concept Videos

Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V) valves at the...
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse
04:36

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Published on: June 12, 2020

A novel method for pediatric heart sound segmentation without using the ECG.

Amir A Sepehri1, Arash Gharehbaghi, Thierry Dutoit

  • 1ICT Research Center, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran. a.sepehri@capis.be

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|December 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method for segmenting pediatric heart sounds, considering respiration effects. The technique precisely identifies heart sounds (S(1) and S(2)) and their intervals for improved analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse
04:36

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiology
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Accurate segmentation of pediatric heart sounds is crucial for diagnosing cardiac conditions.
  • Respiration significantly influences the timing and characteristics of heart sounds in children.
  • Existing segmentation methods may not fully account for respiratory variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, precise method for segmenting pediatric heart sounds.
  • To incorporate the physiological impact of respiration into heart sound segmentation.
  • To improve the accuracy of identifying first (S(1)) and second (S(2)) heart sounds and their intervals.

Main Methods:

  • Signal envelope extraction using short-time spectral energy and autoregressive (AR) parameters, emphasizing S(1) and S(2).
  • Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network classifier for extracting basic heart sounds based on repetitive and spectral features.
  • Integration of diastolic and systolic interval variations influenced by respiration for final segmentation.

Main Results:

  • A novel three-step method for pediatric heart sound segmentation was successfully developed.
  • The method effectively utilizes signal characteristics and MLP classification for sound identification.
  • Accurate end-pointing and segmentation were achieved by accounting for respiratory variations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a precise approach to pediatric heart sound segmentation.
  • Accounting for respiration significantly enhances the accuracy of heart sound analysis in children.
  • This technique holds potential for improved non-invasive pediatric cardiac diagnostics.