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Introduction to Scalers01:21

Introduction to Scalers

Many familiar physical quantities can be specified completely by giving a single number and the appropriate unit. For example, "a class period lasts 50 min," or "the gas tank in my car holds 65 L," or "the distance between the two posts is 100 m." A physical quantity that can be specified completely in this manner is called a scalar quantity. The word "scalar" is a synonym for "number." Time, mass, distance, length, volume, temperature, and energy are some examples of scalar quantities.
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Related Experiment Video

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Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb
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Obstacle stepping and body scale modulating parameters.

Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi1, Rodrigo Pereira Candido, Marcos Rodrigo Trindade Pinheiro Menuchi

  • 1Posture and Gait Studies Laboratory, Department of Physical Education-Bioscience Institute UNESP-São Paulo State University at Rio Claro, Brazil. ltbgobbi@rc.unesp.br

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|December 30, 2009
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study examined how obstacle height and departure point affect obstacle crossing. Results show body scale influences locomotor behavior, impacting step length and foot placement during obstacle avoidance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Locomotion

Background:

  • Understanding obstacle negotiation is crucial for preventing falls.
  • Gait adjustments are influenced by environmental and individual factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how gait spatial parameters at the point of departure are affected by obstacle heights scaled to individual body dimensions.
  • To analyze locomotor behavior during obstacle avoidance tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed obstacle crossing tasks with varying obstacle heights (knee-height, half knee-height) and departure points (far, close).
  • Kinematic data was extracted from video recordings to analyze gait parameters.
  • Obstacle heights and departure points were adjusted based on individual body scale.

Main Results:

  • A close point of departure significantly influenced trailing foot placement and step length.
  • High obstacles affected the trailing foot's toe clearance.
  • An interaction between departure point and obstacle height was observed for leading foot toe clearance.

Conclusions:

  • Individual body scale plays a significant role in modulating locomotor strategies during obstacle avoidance.
  • Gait adjustments are specific to the interplay between obstacle characteristics and the approach strategy.