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Pediatric radiography entrance doses for some routine procedures in three hospitals within eastern Nigeria

N O Egbe1, S O Inyang, O B Ibeagwa

  • 1Department of Radiography, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

Journal of Medical Physics
|December 31, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Entrance surface doses in pediatric radiography in eastern Nigeria are higher than recommended, exceeding international and Sudanese values. This study highlights a 44.7% increase for chest X-rays compared to western Nigeria, necessitating urgent standardization and facility upgrades.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Radiation Protection

Background:

  • Routine radiography is essential for pediatric diagnosis.
  • Radiation dose optimization is crucial in pediatric imaging.
  • Limited data exists on pediatric entrance surface doses in eastern Nigeria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey entrance surface doses (ESDs) in routine pediatric radiography in eastern Nigeria.
  • To compare ESDs with international reference dose values and data from other regions.
  • To identify factors contributing to elevated radiation doses in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized thermoluminescence detectors (TLDs) for dose measurement.
  • Covered common radiographic examinations: chest, abdomen, lumbar spine, skull, and pelvis.
  • Conducted the survey across three hospitals in eastern Nigeria.

Main Results:

  • Measured ESDs were found to be higher than recommended reference values.
  • ESDs in this study exceeded those reported for Sudan.
  • A mean percentage difference of 44.7% in chest radiography ESDs was observed compared to western Nigeria.

Conclusions:

  • Current pediatric radiography practices in eastern Nigeria result in significantly high entrance surface doses.
  • Lack of procedural standardization, including the use of low tube voltages and high currents, contributes to elevated doses.
  • Immediate corrective measures, including standardization and facility improvements, are recommended to reduce radiation exposure in children.

Keywords:
Entrance surface doseexposurekilovoltagepediatricradiography

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