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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
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Published on: September 28, 2017

Clock genes and cancer.

Patricia A Wood1, Xiaoming Yang, William J M Hrushesky

  • 1Medical Chronobiology Laboratory, WJB Dorn VA Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA. patricia.wood2@va.gov

Integrative Cancer Therapies
|January 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Period gene mutations disrupt circadian rhythms and promote unique cancer pathways by altering beta-catenin signaling and DNA damage response. These findings suggest PERIOD proteins as potential targets for cancer prevention.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters
10:38

Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters

Published on: September 27, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Period genes (Per2, Per1) are crucial circadian clock regulators and negative growth inhibitors.
  • Mutations in Period genes are linked to epithelial hyperplasia, tumors, and impaired DNA damage response in mice and humans.
  • Circadian disruption from factors like shift work is associated with increased cancer risk, but mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the unique molecular pathways through which Period clock gene mutations promote tumorigenesis.
  • To explore the role of Period genes in regulating beta-catenin and cell proliferation in various cancer types.
  • To understand how intestinal tumorigenesis impacts clock gene function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Per2 mutant mice exhibiting de novo and radiation-induced tumors.
  • Examination of human tumor samples for Period gene mutations or altered expression.
  • Investigation of beta-catenin levels and cell proliferation in colon and non-colon cancer cells with Per2 mutations.
  • Assessment of PER2 protein levels and circadian rhythms in Apc(Min/+) mouse intestines.

Main Results:

  • Per2 mutations were associated with increased intestinal beta-catenin levels, colon polyp formation, and enhanced Apc(Min/+)-mediated tumorigenesis.
  • Loss of PER2 protein and circadian rhythm abnormalities were observed in Apc(Min/+) mouse intestines.
  • Specific alterations in intestinal clock gene and clock-controlled gene expression were identified in the context of tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Period clock gene mutations uniquely promote tumorigenesis via altered beta-catenin signaling and DNA damage response pathways.
  • Tumorigenesis can disrupt circadian clock function, as seen with increased beta-catenin destabilizing PER2 protein.
  • PERIOD proteins represent promising novel targets for cancer prevention and therapeutic strategies.