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Related Concept Videos

Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...

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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Published on: December 18, 2016

Acute transient deafness representing a negative epileptic phenomenon.

Eli Shahar1, Sarit Ravid, Jacob Genizi

  • 1Child Neurology Unit and Epilepsy Service, Meyer Children Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Rappaport School of Medicine, Haifa, Israel. e_shahar@rambam.health.gov.il

Journal of Child Neurology
|January 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Acute deafness can precede epileptic seizures in children, sometimes without obvious convulsions. Electroencephalography (EEG) is crucial for diagnosing these seizures, even with transient hearing loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Epileptic seizures can present with diverse neurological symptoms.
  • Acute transient deafness is an uncommon presenting symptom in pediatric epilepsy.

Observation:

  • Two children presented with acute deafness preceding loss of consciousness and seizures.
  • The first child experienced generalized epileptiform discharges on EEG.
  • The second child had focal temporal epileptic discharges linked to the auditory cortex.

Findings:

  • Acute deafness can serve as an aura for epileptic seizures.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) is vital for detecting epileptic activity in such cases.
  • Seizures may manifest as loss of consciousness and tonic posturing.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider EEG in children with acute transient deafness.
  • Early diagnosis of epilepsy is crucial for effective management.
  • This highlights the importance of recognizing subtle seizure manifestations.