Hyper-responsive phenotype in localized aggressive periodontitis

The 'hyper-responsive' trait is an increased inflammatory response upon stimulation of innate immune receptors. Our objective was to determine if a hyper-reactive trait is present in a cohort diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis (LAgP). Peripheral blood was collected from 30 LAgP, 10 healthy unrelated, and 10 healthy sibling participants and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli and P. gingivalis. Cyto/chemokine response profiles were evaluated and analyzed by ANOVA. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cyto/chemokines were detected in E. coli and P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated LAgP cultures when compared with those of healthy unrelated control individuals. Periodontally healthy siblings presented with attenuated hyper-inflammatory cyto/chemokine profiles. Regression analysis demonstrated the hyper-reactive trait to be concomitant expression of pro-inflammatory cyto/chemokines and an absence of anti-inflammatory mediator expression. Our findings demonstrate hyper-responsive trait in a LAgP cohort, along with an attenuated hyper-responsiveness in healthy siblings, which can be induced in response to multiple TLR ligations.