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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

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Hyper-responsive phenotype in localized aggressive periodontitis.

L Shaddox¹, J Wiedey, E Bimstein

¹Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32608, USA.

Journal of Dental Research

|January 1, 2010

Summary

Individuals with aggressive periodontitis exhibit a hyper-responsive immune trait, showing increased inflammatory responses. Healthy siblings displayed a less pronounced hyper-inflammatory response to bacterial stimulation.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Periodontology
Oral Health

Background:

The 'hyper-responsive' trait signifies an amplified inflammatory reaction to innate immune receptor stimulation.
Aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) is a severe form of gum disease characterized by rapid destruction of periodontal tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence of a hyper-reactive immune trait in patients diagnosed with LAgP.
To compare the immune response of LAgP patients with healthy unrelated individuals and their healthy siblings.

Main Methods:

Peripheral blood samples were collected from LAgP patients and control groups.
Blood samples were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli and P. gingivalis.
Cytokine and chemokine profiles were analyzed using ANOVA.

Main Results:

LAgP patient cultures showed elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine levels upon LPS stimulation compared to healthy controls.
Healthy siblings exhibited attenuated hyper-inflammatory profiles.
Regression analysis linked the hyper-reactive trait to pro-inflammatory mediator expression and lack of anti-inflammatory mediators.

Conclusions:

A hyper-responsive immune trait is demonstrated in the LAgP cohort.
Healthy siblings of LAgP patients show attenuated hyper-responsiveness.
This hyper-responsiveness can be triggered by stimulation of multiple Toll-like receptors (TLRs).