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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Tissue Engineering: Construction of a Multicellular 3D Scaffold for the Delivery of Layered Cell Sheets
09:24

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Published on: October 3, 2014

Extracellular matrices as advanced scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering.

A V Piterina1, A Callanan, L Davis

  • 1Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research, Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.

Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering
|January 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Decellularized porcine urinary bladder extracellular matrix (ECM-UBM) offers a promising scaffold for vascular tissue engineering. This biomaterial demonstrates excellent cell compatibility and mechanical properties, suitable for regenerative medicine applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Developing effective scaffolds is crucial for vascular tissue engineering.
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from natural sources offers a promising alternative to synthetic materials.
  • Porcine urinary bladder submucosa (PUB-SM) is a potential source for vascular scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of decellularized porcine urinary bladder extracellular matrix (ECM-UBM) as a scaffold for vascular tissue engineering.
  • To characterize the microarchitecture, mechanical properties, and cell interactions of the ECM-UBM.
  • To assess the suitability of ECM-UBM for in vitro vascular modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Decellularization of porcine urinary bladder.
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Laser Scanning Microscopy (LSCM) for microarchitecture analysis.
  • Uniaxial tensile testing and contact-angle measurements for mechanical and surface properties.
  • Cell culture studies with Human Aortic Endothelial Cells (HAECs) and Human Smooth Muscle Cells (HSMCs).

Main Results:

  • ECM-UBM exhibits a porous, interconnected microarchitecture with preserved fibers and a micropatterned luminal surface.
  • Tensile strength of the ECM-UBM sheet is comparable to native human artery, and multilamination enhances strength significantly.
  • The material is hydrophilic and shows excellent adherence, spreading, and proliferation of vascular cells, preserving cell phenotype.
  • ECM-UBM supports vascular cell growth and provides insights into scaffold remodeling capacity.

Conclusions:

  • Decellularized porcine urinary bladder extracellular matrix is a viable biomaterial for vascular tissue engineering.
  • ECM-UBM possesses favorable mechanical and biological properties for vascular regeneration.
  • This scaffold material is suitable for developing in vitro models for vascular research and drug development.