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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Drug-Induced Senescence in Liver Cells Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Hepatotoxicity
09:32

Drug-Induced Senescence in Liver Cells Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Hepatotoxicity

Published on: October 17, 2025

Experience with sorafenib and the elderly patient.

Janice P Dutcher1, Nizar Tannir, Joaquim Bellmunt

  • 1Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center-North Division/New York Medical College, 600 East 233rd Street, Bronx, NY 10466, USA. jpd4401@aol.com

Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England)
|January 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Sorafenib is an effective treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in elderly patients, showing similar efficacy and safety profiles compared to younger individuals. This study provides strategies for optimizing its use in older adults.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Drug-Induced Senescence in Liver Cells Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Hepatotoxicity
09:32

Drug-Induced Senescence in Liver Cells Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Hepatotoxicity

Published on: October 17, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) predominantly affects individuals aged 65 and older.
  • Treatment decisions for elderly RCC patients require careful consideration of age-related factors.
  • Limited treatment options historically existed for elderly patients with advanced RCC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate sorafenib as a treatment option for elderly patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
  • To provide recommendations for optimizing sorafenib use in the elderly population.
  • To address specific considerations for managing RCC in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the phase III Treatment Approaches in Renal Cell Cancer Global Evaluation Trial.
  • Comparison of sorafenib efficacy and adverse event incidence in elderly versus younger patients.
  • Development of clinical practice recommendations for sorafenib management in the elderly.

Main Results:

  • Sorafenib significantly extended progression-free survival in advanced RCC patients, irrespective of age.
  • Elderly patients receiving sorafenib did not experience significantly higher rates of adverse events compared to younger patients.
  • Sorafenib is identified as a crucial treatment option for elderly individuals with advanced RCC.

Conclusions:

  • Sorafenib is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma in elderly patients.
  • Specific management strategies, including patient selection and adverse event management, can optimize sorafenib's clinical benefit in older adults.
  • Physicians should consider sorafenib for elderly RCC patients, employing tailored approaches to maximize outcomes.