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ALDH(+)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) expression in cells from body cavity fluids.

Awtar Krishan1, Deepti Sharma, Siddharth Sharma

  • 1Department of Pathology (R-71), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33101, USA. akrishan@med.miami.edu

Cytometry. Part B, Clinical Cytometry
|January 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and CD44(+)/CD24(-) markers were detected in body cavity fluids of female patients. These markers may indicate malignancy, even when diagnostic cytology is negative for cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Breast tumor stem cells exhibit enhanced aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) expression and CD44(+)/CD24(-) phenotype.
  • This study investigated these markers in cells from body cavity fluids of women with suspected malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To monitor the expression of ALDH1 and CD44/CD24 markers in body cavity fluid cells.
  • To assess the potential of these markers in detecting malignancy, particularly when cytology is inconclusive.

Main Methods:

  • Cells from peritoneal and pleural fluids of 100 female patients were analyzed.
  • Laser flow cytometry was used to quantify ALDH1 expression.
  • CD44 and CD24 marker expression was analyzed in ALDH1-bright cells.

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Main Results:

  • ALDH1-bright cells, including those with CD44(+)/CD24(-) phenotype, were found in body cavity fluids of patients with malignancy.
  • These markers were also present in fluids from patients with negative diagnostic cytology, though at lower percentages.
  • The percentage of ALDH1-bright CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells ranged from 0.02% to 3.66% in malignant samples.

Conclusions:

  • The ALDH1-bright and CD44(+)/CD24(-) phenotype in body fluids may not be exclusive to breast tumor stem cells.
  • This suggests that only specific subsets of cells with this phenotype might represent true tumor stem cells.
  • The findings indicate potential utility of these markers in broader malignancy detection.