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Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Utilizing Functional Genomics Screening to Identify Potentially Novel Drug Targets in Cancer Cell Spheroid Cultures
07:48

Utilizing Functional Genomics Screening to Identify Potentially Novel Drug Targets in Cancer Cell Spheroid Cultures

Published on: December 26, 2016

Functional genomics to explore cancer cell vulnerabilities.

Kristopher T Kahle1, David Kozono, Kimberly Ng

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Neurosurgical Focus
|January 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-throughput RNA interference screening identifies essential genes for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) survival. This approach complements genomic studies to uncover novel therapeutic targets for brain cancer.

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A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer.
  • Genomic characterization has identified numerous GBM alterations, but not all are critical for tumor growth.
  • Genes without genomic alterations may still be essential for GBM initiation and survival, necessitating functional screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the application of genome-wide, high-throughput RNA interference (RNAi) screening for identifying essential genes in GBM.
  • To highlight RNAi screening's role in discovering genes crucial for cancer cell proliferation and survival.
  • To emphasize the complementary nature of functional genetic screens and genomic characterization for GBM research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genome-wide, high-throughput RNA interference (RNAi) libraries for genetic screening.
  • Employing unbiased, systems-level functional genetic approaches.
  • Analyzing RNAi screening data to identify genes essential for cancer cell viability.

Main Results:

  • RNAi screening effectively identifies genes critical for glioblastoma cell proliferation and survival.
  • This method can uncover genes that are selectively lethal to cancer cells or synthetically lethal with oncogenic mutations.
  • The approach provides functional insights complementary to GBM genomic structural characterization.

Conclusions:

  • High-throughput RNAi screening is a powerful, cost-effective tool for identifying genes essential for GBM pathogenesis.
  • These functional screens complement genomic data, facilitating the discovery of novel drug targets for brain cancer.
  • Unbiased, systems-level genetic approaches are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of GBM.