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Characterization of Ultra-fine Grained and Nanocrystalline Materials Using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction
Published on: April 1, 2017
Cellular activity of bioactive nanograined/ultrafine-grained materials
R D K Misra1, W W Thein-Han, S A Mali
1Center for Structural and Functional Materials, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA. dmisra@louisiana.edu
Acta Biomaterialia
|January 5, 2010
Summary
Nanostructured hydroxyapatite coatings on nanograined/ultrafine-grained substrates enhance cellular response for improved medical devices. This biomimetic approach offers superior cytocompatibility and cell attachment compared to coarse-grained substrates.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cell Biology
- Materials Engineering
Background:
- Electrocrystallized nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) on nanograined/ultrafine-grained (NG/UFG) substrates forms a bone-mimicking fibrillar structure.
- Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on coarse-grained (CG) substrates result in a film-like structure.
- Surface topography significantly influences cell-substrate interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cell-substrate interactions of pre-osteoblasts (MC 3T3-E1) on NG/UFG and CG austenitic stainless steel substrates.
- To compare the cellular response to biomimetic nanostructured HA coatings versus film-like HA coatings.
- To evaluate the impact of substrate microstructure on cell attachment, viability, and proliferation.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of NG/UFG and CG austenitic stainless steel substrates.
- Coating substrates with nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) and hydroxyapatite (HA).
- Cell culture of MC 3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts.
- Assessment of cell morphology, attachment, viability, and proliferation using fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy, and MTT assay.
- Analysis of focal adhesion contacts, actin stress fibers, fibronectin expression, and total protein.
Main Results:
- nHA-coated NG/UFG substrates demonstrated superior cytocompatibility, initial cell attachment, viability, and proliferation compared to other substrates.
- Cellular response followed the sequence: nHA-coated NG/UFG > nHA-coated CG > NG/UFG > CG substrates.
- Enhanced cell spreading and well-developed focal adhesion contacts and actin stress fibers were observed on nHA-coated NG/UFG substrates.
Conclusions:
- Biomimetic nanostructured nHA coatings on NG/UFG substrates significantly enhance cellular response.
- Tailoring surface nanostructure and properties is crucial for improving cell-substrate interactions in medical devices.
- This approach holds promise for engineering advanced medical implants with improved biological integration.
