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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-fetal Interface
Published on: May 21, 2015
Spontaneous labor onset: is it immunologically mediated?
Robert J Biggar1, Gry Poulsen, Mads Melbye
1Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Objective:
The investigators tested the hypothesis that maternal-fetal immune interactions could be important in initiating spontaneous labor onset by examining if labor was delayed when fetuses share maternal HLA antigen types.
Study Design:
HLA antigen types A, B, and DR in 200 Danish mother-infant pairs delivering in 42-44 weeks (postterm) were compared with 195 mother-infant pairs delivering in 37-40 weeks (term).
Results:
Sharing of HLA A and B antigens was more common than expected in postterm deliveries. Odds ratios were 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-2.35) and 1.75 (95% CI, 0.87-3.52), respectively (risk per shared antigen: 1.40 [95% CI, 1.04-1.90] per unit increase). Adding stringent birth-length criteria for postmaturity (92 cases; 168 controls) strengthened risks associated with antigen sharing to 1.57 (95% CI, 0.90-2.74) and 2.60 (95% CI, 1.15-5.88), respectively (risk per shared antigen: 1.60 (95% CI, 1.10-2.32).
Conclusion:
Postterm-delivered infants had more HLA A and B antigens in common with their mothers, suggesting that recognition of HLA antigen differences by adaptive immunity may have a role in triggering labor onset.
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