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Updated: Jun 17, 2026
12:12
Identification of Hemolytic and Phospholipase Activity in Crude Extracts from Sea Anemones by Straightforward Bioassays
Published on: March 29, 2022
Encounters with venomous sea-life
Isaac Fernandez1, Genaro Valladolid, Joseph Varon
1Universidad de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|January 5, 2010
Summary
Marine envenomations, though often minor, can be life-threatening. Prompt recognition, immediate antivenom if available, and proper wound care are crucial for managing these marine stings.
Area of Science:
- Marine toxicology
- Emergency medicine
Background:
- Marine animals with envenomation capabilities are diverse and prevalent globally, especially in tropical waters.
- Most envenomations result from animal self-defense, often during recreational activities, and typically cause minor injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detail the clinical impact, features, and management strategies for severe marine envenomations.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical cases and management protocols for marine envenomations.
- Analysis of symptoms, treatment efficacy, and preventative measures.
Main Results:
- Life-threatening symptoms include respiratory distress, paralysis, and cardiovascular decompensation.
- Immediate antivenom administration, foreign body removal, tetanus prophylaxis, and antibiotics are key interventions.
Conclusions:
- Rapid identification of the envenomating agent and injury is vital for effective treatment.
- Medical professionals must recognize critical symptoms and initiate prompt management.
- Public education on marine sting risks and initial first aid is recommended to reduce severe outcomes.
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