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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse
07:46

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Th17/Th1 phenotype in demyelinating disease.

L J Edwards1, R A Robins, C S Constantinescu

  • 1Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK. ljedwards@doctors.net.uk

Cytokine
|January 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in relapse show heightened T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses. This suggests Th17 cells may play a role in MS immunopathology during active disease.

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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse
07:46

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • T helper 17 (Th17) cells are implicated in allergic and autoimmune diseases.
  • The specific role of Th17 cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare peripheral blood Th17 cell responses in individuals with MS versus healthy controls.
  • To investigate Th17 cell activity in MS patients during relapse and remission.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 41 MS patients and 23 healthy controls.
  • Cells were stimulated and analyzed via flow cytometry for CD3, CD8, CD154, IL-17, and IFN-gamma expression.

Main Results:

  • Stimulated PBMCs from MS patients in relapse exhibited a more inflammatory profile.
  • Increased expression of CD154, IL-17, and co-expression of IL-17/IFN-gamma was observed in relapsing MS patients.

Conclusions:

  • MS patients in relapse demonstrate a heightened Th17 and Th1/Th17 response to non-specific stimulation.
  • These findings suggest a potential role for Th17 cells in the inflammatory processes of active MS.