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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase of...
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...

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Related Experiment Video

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Electrophysiological Assessment of Murine Atria with High-Resolution Optical Mapping
08:19

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Published on: February 22, 2018

Use of electrophysiologic testing.

Nicola Latronico1, Indrit Shehu, Bruno Guarneri

  • 1Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. nick.latronico@gmail.com

Critical Care Medicine
|January 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Electrophysiologic tests can diagnose critical illness myopathy and polyneuropathy early in intensive care unit patients. These tests help predict long-term disability and guide targeted treatments for neuromuscular complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Critical illness myopathy and polyneuropathy are frequent complications in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
  • These neuromuscular disorders often coexist and have an early onset, preceding structural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define electrophysiologic tests for diagnosing critical illness myopathy and polyneuropathy in ICU patients.
  • To evaluate the utility of these tests in predicting patient prognosis and guiding treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review was conducted to identify and analyze relevant electrophysiologic diagnostic methods.
  • Conventional electrophysiologic evaluation and direct muscle stimulation were assessed for their diagnostic capabilities.

Main Results:

  • Electrophysiologic alterations manifest early in the ICU stay, often within days of sepsis onset.
  • Conventional tests, with direct muscle stimulation, can differentiate myopathy from neuropathy, aiding prognosis.
  • A simplified peroneal nerve stimulation test shows potential as a screening tool.

Conclusions:

  • Early electrophysiologic identification of neuromuscular alterations is valuable for targeted therapies and anticipating short-term disability.
  • Comprehensive neurologic and electrophysiologic evaluations are crucial for assessing long-term disability risk post-ICU discharge.