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Updated: Jun 17, 2026
Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
Published on: October 12, 2017
Regulation of high-density lipoprotein by inflammatory cytokines: establishing links between immune dysfunction and
Michael J Haas1, Arshag D Mooradian
1Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West Eighth Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. michael.haas@jax.ufl.edu
Insights
Low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc) is linked to coronary artery disease and inflammation. This review examines HDLc
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Metabolic Disease Research
- Lipid Metabolism
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) frequently co-occurs with metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity.
- Low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc) is a risk factor for CAD, with HDLc's role in cholesterol transport being crucial.
- Recent research highlights HDLc's modification in inflammatory conditions, independent of traditional metabolic risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the complex relationship between HDLc biology and metabolic diseases.
- To explore the influence of inflammation on HDLc function and structure.
- To examine the role of cytokine signaling in HDLc-related processes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on HDLc, metabolic diseases, and inflammation.
- Analysis of HDLc's role in reverse cholesterol transport, biogenesis, and clearance.
- Examination of cytokine signaling pathways affecting HDLc.
Main Results:
- Low HDLc levels are associated with increased inflammation and certain pro-inflammatory syndromes.
- HDLc undergoes physical modification during acute and chronic inflammatory states.
- HDLc's function as a cholesterol transporter and cardiovascular disease regulator is impacted by inflammation.
Conclusions:
- HDLc biology is intrinsically linked to metabolic diseases and inflammatory processes.
- Understanding HDLc modifications in inflammation is critical for cardiovascular disease prevention.
- Further research into HDLc-cytokine interactions may reveal new therapeutic targets.
Abstract:
Coronary artery disease is a primary co-morbidity in metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and obesity. One contributing risk factor for coronary artery disease is low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc). Several factors influence steady-state HDLc levels, including diet, genetics and environment. Perhaps more important to coronary artery disease is factors that attribute to the dynamics of reverse cholesterol transport, storage, and excretion of excess cholesterol. HDLc biogenesis, clearance and innate ability to serve as a cholesterol acceptor and transporter all contribute to HDLc's function as a negative regulator of cardiovascular disease. With the recent failure of torcetrapid, focus is being placed on HDLc biology and its role in various metabolic diseases. Low HDLc levels are often associated with an increased state of background inflammation. Recently, several syndromes with clear pro-inflammatory components have been shown to be inversely correlated with low HDLc levels in the absence of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Early studies with HDLc during the acute-phase response suggest that HDLc is substantially physically modified during acute infection and sepsis, and recent studies show that HDLc is physically modified by chronic pro-inflammatory disease. In this review, several of these connections are described and cytokine signalling related to HDLc is examined.
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