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Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
Published on: December 21, 2019
Malignant mesothelioma
1London Lung Cancer Group, 54 New Cavendish Street, London, UK. dr@robinrudd.com
Introduction:
Mesothelioma is a malignant tumour of the pleura or peritoneum caused by asbestos. It is increasing in frequency and the prognosis remains grim, with average survival around 1 year.
Sources Of Data:
Medical literature and personal experience.
Areas Of Agreement:
Amphibole fibres are far more potent than chrysotile in causing mesothelioma.
Areas Of Controversy:
A minority view suggests that mesotheliomas in those exposed to chrysotile are caused only by tremolite (an amphibole) which contaminates chrysotile. There is a hypothesis, for which evidence is weakening, that Simian virus 40 may cause mesothelioma.
Growing Points:
There is emerging evidence of genetic variation in susceptibility to fibre carcinogenesis. There are developments in treatment, particularly chemotherapy with pemetrexed and cisplatin which prolongs survival and helps symptoms.
Areas Timely For Developing Research:
Targeted agents for treatment are under investigation and may improve the outlook. The role of radical and palliative surgery requires clarification.
Insights
Mesothelioma, a cancer linked to asbestos exposure, is becoming more common. While amphibole fibers are more potent carcinogens than chrysotile, new treatments offer hope.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Environmental Medicine
- Pathology
Background:
- Mesothelioma is a malignant tumor of the pleura or peritoneum.
- It is primarily caused by asbestos exposure.
- The incidence of mesothelioma is increasing, with a poor prognosis and short survival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of mesothelioma etiology and treatment.
- To highlight areas of agreement and controversy in the field.
- To discuss emerging research and future directions.
Main Methods:
- Review of medical literature.
- Incorporation of personal clinical experience.
Main Results:
- Amphibole asbestos fibers are significantly more potent in causing mesothelioma than chrysotile.
- A minority viewpoint suggests chrysotile-related mesotheliomas are due to tremolite contamination.
- The hypothesis linking Simian virus 40 to mesothelioma is losing support.
Conclusions:
- Genetic variations may influence susceptibility to asbestos-induced carcinogenesis.
- Chemotherapy regimens, including pemetrexed and cisplatin, show promise in prolonging survival and managing symptoms.
- Further research is needed on targeted therapies and the role of surgery.
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