Smoking, smoking cessation, and risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cohort study
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Smoking cessation increases short-term type 2 diabetes risk, possibly due to weight gain. Smokers at risk for diabetes should implement prevention strategies alongside quitting to mitigate this elevated risk.
Area Of Science
- Epidemiology
- Metabolic Disease Research
Background
- Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- The impact of smoking cessation on subsequent diabetes risk remains largely unexamined.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the hypothesis that smoking cessation temporarily elevates diabetes risk.
- To explore the role of cessation-induced weight gain in this potential risk increase.
Main Methods
- A prospective cohort study involving 10,892 middle-aged adults without diabetes at baseline (ARIC Study).
- Smoking status was assessed via interviews, and incident diabetes was determined through glucose assays and self-reports over a 9-year follow-up period.
- Statistical analyses adjusted for multiple established diabetes risk factors.
Main Results
- Compared to never-smokers, current smokers and former smokers exhibited increased diabetes risk (HR 1.31 and 1.22, respectively).
- New quitters showed a significantly higher short-term risk of developing diabetes (HR 1.73), particularly within the first 3 years post-cessation.
- This elevated risk associated with quitting diminished over time, reaching baseline levels by 12 years, and was partially explained by weight changes.
Conclusions
- Smoking cessation is associated with a transient increase in type 2 diabetes risk.
- For individuals who smoke and are at risk for diabetes, cessation programs should integrate diabetes prevention and early detection measures.
- While smoking cessation poses a short-term risk, the long-term benefits of quitting smoking are well-established.
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