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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
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A direct-reading comparison spectroradiometer.

S Hedelman1, D C Nelson

  • 1Applied Physics Corporation, 2724South Peck Road, Monrovia, California, USA.

Applied Optics
|January 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details a modified Cary Model 14 spectrophotometer for precise radiometric measurements across 250-2500 nm. The enhanced instrument offers direct irradiance readings and a wide dynamic range for various light sources.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Radiometry
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate radiometric measurements are crucial for characterizing light sources.
  • Existing spectrophotometers may require modifications for specific radiometric applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a modified Cary Model 14 spectrophotometer for enhanced radiometric measurements.
  • To enable direct recording of irradiance in microwatts per square centimeter per nanometer.
  • To achieve a wide dynamic range for diverse source comparisons.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of a Cary Model 14 spectrophotometer.
  • Integration of a rotating integrating sphere for source comparison.
  • Utilization of a monochromator with phototube or PbS detector for spectral analysis.
  • Implementation of an electrical calibration system for direct irradiance readout.

Main Results:

  • The modified instrument records irradiance from 250-2500 nm.
  • It achieves a dynamic range of 2 x 10^6:1.
  • Common optical elements minimize calibration errors.
  • Remote sources can be conveniently measured.

Conclusions:

  • The modified Cary Model 14 provides a versatile and accurate radiometric measurement system.
  • The design facilitates direct irradiance measurements with a broad spectral range.
  • This instrument is suitable for characterizing a wide array of standard and unknown light sources.