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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation01:17

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation

Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
The blood filling the erectile tissues compresses the veins, which helps to prevent blood from leaving...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction in men.

Kajetan Juszczak1, Marek Wyczółkowski, Marek Filipek

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland. kajus13@poczta.onet.pl

Folia Medica Cracoviensia
|January 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is common in aging men due to stress and risk factors. Understanding erection physiology and pathophysiology is key for primary care physicians to effectively manage ED.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Men's Health
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Erectile dysfunction (ED) prevalence is increasing globally due to lifestyle factors and an aging population.
  • ED presents a complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its heterogeneous causes.
  • Primary care physicians can effectively manage most ED cases with adequate knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide primary care physicians with a comprehensive understanding of ED.
  • To review the normal physiology of erection.
  • To explore the pathophysiological changes underlying inadequate erection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on erection physiology.
  • Exploration of pathophysiological mechanisms of ED.
  • Synthesis of information for clinical application by primary care physicians.

Main Results:

  • Erectile physiology involves complex vascular, neural, and hormonal interactions.
  • Pathophysiological changes in these systems can lead to ED.
  • Understanding these changes facilitates accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough grasp of erection physiology and pathophysiology is essential for primary care physicians.
  • This knowledge empowers physicians to effectively diagnose and manage erectile dysfunction.
  • Improved understanding translates to better patient outcomes in ED management.