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Related Concept Videos

Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview

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Circadian regulation of homologous recombination by cryptochrome1-mediated dampening of DNA end resection.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Using Modified Synthetic Oligonucleotides to Assay Nucleic Acid-Metabolizing Enzymes
05:33

Using Modified Synthetic Oligonucleotides to Assay Nucleic Acid-Metabolizing Enzymes

Published on: July 5, 2024

DNA resection in eukaryotes: deciding how to fix the break.

Pablo Huertas1

  • 1The Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. p.huertas@gurdon.cam.ac.uk

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
|January 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired through various mechanisms. DNA-end resection is a critical step in homologous recombination, essential for cell survival and preventing disease.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are highly toxic DNA lesions.
  • DSB repair pathways, including homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), dictate repair outcomes.
  • DNA-end resection is the initial and critical step in HR, initiating the repair process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the mechanisms of DNA-end resection in eukaryotes.
  • To provide insights into the regulatory strategies controlling resection.
  • To highlight the consequences of resection impairment and deregulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on DNA-end resection mechanisms.
  • Analysis of regulatory strategies governing resection.

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Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair

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Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
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Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Using Modified Synthetic Oligonucleotides to Assay Nucleic Acid-Metabolizing Enzymes
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Published on: July 5, 2024

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair
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Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair

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Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
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Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

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  • Examination of the consequences of resection defects.

    • Main Results:

    • DNA-end resection is an evolutionarily conserved process generating single-stranded DNA (ssDNA).
    • Resection is tightly linked to checkpoint activation and is crucial for genomic stability and cell survival.
    • Dysregulation of resection can lead to defective homologous recombination and contribute to human diseases.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding DNA-end resection mechanisms and regulation is vital for comprehending genome stability.
    • Impairment or deregulation of resection has significant implications for human health and disease.
    • Further research into resection pathways can inform therapeutic strategies for diseases linked to DNA repair defects.