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Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

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Transition dynamics for multi-pulsing in mode-locked lasers.

Brandon G Bale¹, Khanh Kieu, J Nathan Kutz

¹Photonics Research Group, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK. b.bale@aston.ac.uk

|January 7, 2010

Summary

Researchers studied laser systems transitioning to multi-pulse modelocking. They found a universal chaotic behavior emerges near this transition, characterized by Hopf bifurcations and oscillatory modes.

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Area of Science:

Laser Physics
Nonlinear Dynamics
Optical Engineering

Background:

Mode-locked lasers are crucial for various scientific and technological applications.
Understanding the transition to multi-pulse operation is key to controlling laser output.
Previous studies have not fully characterized the dynamics near the N to N+1 pulse transition.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally and theoretically investigate the parameter space near the transition to multi-pulse modelocking.
To characterize the onset of instability and the resulting chaotic behavior.
To establish the universality of this phenomenon in mode-locked lasers.

Main Methods:

Refined tuning of the gain pump level in a laser system.
Experimental observation of laser dynamics near the multi-pulse transition.
Theoretical modeling of the system's behavior, focusing on Hopf bifurcations and oscillatory modes.

Main Results:

Identified a Hopf (periodic) bifurcation initiating instability near the transition.
Observed chaotic behavior between single- and multi-pulse operation as cavity energy increased.
Demonstrated good qualitative agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results.

Conclusions:

The transition to multi-pulsing in mode-locked lasers exhibits universal characteristics.
Hopf bifurcations and chaotic dynamics play a significant role in this transition.
This study provides the first comprehensive theoretical and experimental characterization of this phenomenon.