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Reading times and the detection of event shift processing.

Gabriel A Radvansky1, David E Copeland

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. gradvans@nd.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|January 8, 2010
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Summary

Reading narratives involves updating situation models. Contrary to prior beliefs, spatial updating occurs extensively even without reading time changes, while temporal shifts impact reading time more than memory.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Human Cognition

Background:

  • Readers update situation models during narrative comprehension.
  • Previous research indicated spatial shifts don't increase reading time, suggesting no spatial updating, unlike temporal shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reading time pattern for spatial updating.
  • To determine if reading time data accurately reflects situation model updating.
  • To compare spatial and temporal updating mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted.
  • Reading times and memory probes were used as indicators of situation model updating.
  • Participants read narratives with spatial and temporal shifts.

Main Results:

  • Spatial updating occurred extensively, despite no significant increase in reading times.
  • Temporal shifts influenced reading time but had less impact on memory probe performance compared to spatial updating.
  • Reading time data alone may not fully capture the extent of spatial updating.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial updating is an active and extensive process during narrative comprehension, even when not reflected in reading times.
  • Temporal updating influences reading time, but its effect on memory is less pronounced than spatial updating.
  • Relying solely on reading times can lead to inaccurate conclusions about cognitive processes like situation model updating.