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Related Experiment Videos

Dementia in institutionalized elderly: relation to sleep apnea.

S Ancoli-Israel1, M R Klauber, N Butters

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Severe sleep apnea is strongly linked to severe dementia in nursing home patients. This study highlights the connection between sleep-disordered breathing and cognitive decline, particularly in memory and attention.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep apnea causes intermittent hypoxemia, potentially impacting cognitive functions.
  • Previous research suggests a link between sleep apnea and dementia.
  • Institutionalized elderly populations may have a high prevalence of both conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sleep apnea and dementia in nursing home residents.
  • To assess the correlation between sleep apnea severity and cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • A study of 235 institutionalized patients (mean age ~82 years) using portable sleep monitoring.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS).
  • Depression levels were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale.

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Main Results:

  • 70% of patients had moderate to severe sleep apnea (≥5 respiratory disturbances/hour).
  • 96% of patients exhibited some degree of dementia.
  • Severe sleep apnea showed significant correlations with all DRS subscales, particularly attention, initiation, conceptualization, and memory.

Conclusions:

  • A strong association exists between severe sleep apnea and severe dementia in the elderly.
  • Cognitive deficits, especially in attention and memory, are more pronounced in patients with severe sleep apnea.
  • While causality isn't proven, the findings support the hypothesis that sleep apnea may cause brain function deficits.