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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

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Obstacle stepping in children: task acquisition and performance.

J Michel1, C Grobet, V Dietz

  • 1Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. jmichel@paralab.balgrist.ch

Gait & Posture
|January 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Children

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental motor control
  • Pediatric locomotion
  • Neuromotor assessment

Background:

  • Locomotor capacity is crucial for children's development.
  • Assessing motor skills in children requires age-appropriate and complex tasks.
  • The Zürich Neuromotor Assessment (ZNA) provides standardized measures of neuromotor function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development of locomotor capacity in children across different age groups.
  • To evaluate performance on tasks of increasing difficulty, including obstacle stepping.
  • To determine the relationship between neuromotor assessment scores and complex locomotor behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups of children (6-8 and 9-12 years) and adults performed ZNA tasks and obstacle stepping tests.
  • Measures included ZNA performance, foot clearance, and obstacle hits during treadmill walking.
  • Correlations were calculated between age, ZNA measures, and obstacle stepping performance.

Main Results:

  • Locomotor performance improved with age across all tasks.
  • Younger children (6-8 years) showed poorer performance on complex tasks, especially bilateral obstacle stepping.
  • A significant relationship was found between ZNA performance and bilateral obstacle stepping.
  • ZNA scores predicted complex locomotor behavior better than chronological age alone.

Conclusions:

  • Children aged 9-12 demonstrate significant improvement in high-precision locomotor tasks.
  • Children under 9 years exhibit poorer motor performance on complex tasks compared to older children and adults.
  • The Zürich Neuromotor Assessment aids in predicting complex adaptive locomotor skills in children.

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