Optimal transport time and conditions for cartilage tissue samples and expanded chondrocyte suspensions

For autologous chondrocyte implantation, the chondral tissue obtained is transferred from the operating room to the laboratory using specialized carrier systems within 24 hours. Similar expenses are used for the transport of cultured chondrocytes. The purpose of this study was to find the optimal temperature, size of tissue, and time that the chondrocytes can stand without losing viability and proliferative capacity. Fresh calf cartilage was harvested and divided into 24 groups. Half of the samples were diced into 1- to 2-mm(3) pieces. All 12 groups were kept at either 4 degrees C, 25 degrees C, or 37 degrees C for 1, 3, 5, or 7 days and were seeded for cell culture. Times to reach confluence values were compared. Produced cell suspensions were grouped similarly and tested similarly. Neither the temperature nor the waiting days caused any difference in the proliferative capacity of the cells. Diced tissues yielded a shorter time to reach confluence values. Chondral tissue obtained from the patient can be transferred to the laboratory at temperatures ranging from 4 degrees C to 37 degrees C in up to 7 days. These conditions did not affect the proliferative capacity or the viability of the chondrocytes. Dicing the tissue prior to transport will shorten total culturing time. The expanded cell suspensions should be transferred at temperatures from 4 degrees C to 25 degrees C within 3 days. Specialized carrier systems to get the chondral tissue from the operating room to the laboratory and to take the expanded chondrocytes back to the operating room within hours may not be necessary.