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Emerging drugs in sepsis

Marc Leone1, Julien Textoris, Fabrice Michel

  • 1Service d'anesthésie et de réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, Chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille Cedex 20, France. marc.leone@ap-hm.fr

Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs
|January 9, 2010
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

New antibiotics offer refined sepsis treatment choices. Emerging therapies like direct hemoperfusion and immunomodulation show promise, while others remain experimental.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units.
  • Despite extensive research, effective mortality-reducing sepsis drugs are still needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review new licensed antibiotics for sepsis treatment.
  • To analyze adjuvant therapies and novel experimental concepts in sepsis management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature analysis of clinical trials and experimental data on sepsis (2008-2009).
  • Inclusion of seminal articles published before 2008 where relevant.

Main Results:

  • New antibiotics can refine sepsis treatment strategies.
  • Direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber is a potential option for Gram-negative sepsis.
  • Ongoing studies are evaluating drotrecogin alfa (activated) and low-dose hydrocortisone.

Conclusions:

  • Modulation of monocytic human leukocyte antigen-DR is a key treatment focus.
  • Cardiovascular drug use in sepsis requires further clinical trials.
  • Experimental sepsis therapies include targeting high mobility group box 1, adenosine, and energy production.

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