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Multi-functional P(3HB) microsphere/45S5 Bioglass-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Lydia Francis1, Decheng Meng, Jonathan C Knowles

  • 1Department of Molecular and Applied Biosciences, University of Westminster, London, UK.

Acta Biomaterialia
|January 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Novel poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) microsphere coatings on 45S5 Bioglass scaffolds enhance bone tissue engineering. These bioactive composite scaffolds improve cell attachment and offer controlled drug delivery for enhanced bone regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Bone tissue engineering requires scaffolds that promote cell growth and can deliver therapeutic agents.
  • 45S5 Bioglass-based materials are known for their bioactivity and potential in bone regeneration.
  • Biodegradable polymers like poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) offer tunable properties for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel multi-functional composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering by coating 45S5 Bioglass-based scaffolds with P(3HB) microspheres.
  • To evaluate the effect of P(3HB) microsphere coating on the mechanical properties, bioactivity, and drug delivery capabilities of the scaffolds.
  • To assess the potential of these enhanced scaffolds for improved cell attachment and controlled drug release.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of highly porous 45S5 Bioglass-based scaffolds using the foam-replication technique.
  • Production of P(3HB) microspheres (<2 micrometers) via emulsion solvent extraction/evaporation.
  • Coating of scaffolds with P(3HB) microspheres using a slurry-dipping method.
  • Assessment of mechanical strength via compressive testing.
  • Evaluation of bioactivity through immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and hydroxyapatite (HA) growth analysis.
  • Drug delivery studies using gentamycin encapsulation and release kinetics analysis (LC-MS).

Main Results:

  • P(3HB) microsphere coating slightly enhanced scaffold mechanical strength.
  • Coating did not inhibit the bioactivity of the 45S5 Bioglass scaffolds, with similar HA growth rates observed.
  • Surface topography analysis revealed increased roughness on coated scaffolds, potentially enhancing cell attachment.
  • Controlled and sustained release of gentamycin was achieved from the P(3HB) microsphere-coated scaffolds, unlike uncoated controls.

Conclusions:

  • The developed P(3HB) microsphere/45S5 Bioglass composite scaffolds are multi-functional and bioactive.
  • The enhanced surface topography promotes cell attachment.
  • The scaffolds provide a platform for controlled drug delivery, showing potential for bone tissue engineering applications.