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Related Concept Videos

Giardiasis01:12

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...
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American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
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Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...

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Giardiasis--why do the symptoms sometimes never stop?

Lucy J Robertson1, Kurt Hanevik, Angel A Escobedo

  • 1Parasitology Laboratory, Institute of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway. Lucy.robertson@nvh.no

Trends in Parasitology
|January 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Giardiasis, often easily treated, can cause prolonged symptoms impacting quality of life. Understanding long-term Giardia duodenalis effects is crucial for patient well-being.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Giardiasis, caused by Giardia duodenalis, is frequently viewed as a simple infection.
  • However, persistent symptoms and sequelae can significantly diminish patients' quality of life.
  • These long-term effects pose a burden, especially in developing nations and for children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on prolonged giardiasis symptoms and their impact.
  • To explore factors contributing to persistent or recurrent Giardia duodenalis infections.
  • To identify areas for future research into the long-term consequences of giardiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of individual case reports on giardiasis sequelae.
  • Analysis of population data following Giardia duodenalis outbreaks.
  • Examination of genotypic and phenotypic diversity among Giardia duodenalis isolates.

Main Results:

  • Prolonged symptoms like abdominal issues and fatigue can stem from re-infection, treatment failure, or gut disturbances.
  • Giardiasis sequelae significantly affect quality of life in developed nations.
  • In developing countries, these complications exacerbate existing health challenges, particularly in pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Giardia duodenalis infections can lead to significant long-term health issues beyond initial treatment.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind persistent giardiasis and its sequelae.
  • Addressing the long-term impact of giardiasis is essential for improving patient outcomes and public health.